What causes premature menopause?

Premature menopause occurs when the menopause milestone happens before the age of 40.

In some cases the cause is known, but in many women the exact reason cannot be identified.

Can premature menopause be genetic?

Family history can play an important role in the timing of menopause.

Women may experience menopause at a similar age to their mother or other female relatives.

Medical treatments that can cause premature menopause

Certain medical treatments can affect ovarian function including chemotherapy, radiation therapy involving the pelvis and surgical removal of the ovaries.

These treatments may lead to menopause occurring earlier than expected.

Can autoimmune conditions cause premature menopause?

In some cases the immune system may affect the ovaries and reduce their ability to produce hormones.

This can contribute to premature ovarian insufficiency.

When no cause is found

For many women with premature menopause no clear cause is identified.

This can be frustrating, but it does not change the importance of exploring symptoms and care.

When to see a doctor

Premature and early menopause can affect long term health, including bone health and cardiovascular health. If you believe you may be experiencing symptoms of premature or early menopause, it is important to arrange a menopause consultation.

This can provide clarity, allow assessment to confirm the diagnosis and support discussion around treatment options that promote long-term wellbeing.

Key points

Premature menopause can have several possible causes.
Genetics and medical treatments are common factors.
Autoimmune conditions may also contribute.
In many cases the exact cause is unknown.

Medically reviewed by Dr Susana Rodriguez, menopause clinician at ClaraSana Women’s Health, Perth.

Our content is based on up-to-date Australian guidelines & may differ from information on other sites.

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